🔬 Two-Pass Boron (Two-Pass SWRO, Boron B <0.5 mg/L WHO Drinking Limit @ pH 9.5)

SWRO Two-Pass Boron Removal Calculator

Model boric acid ($H_3BO_3$) to borate ion ($B(OH)_4^-$) dissociation equilibrium at elevated pH ($pH = 9.5 ext{ to }10.5$): achieve $>95%$ second-pass membrane boron rejection, meet WHO and agricultural irrigation drinking limits ($Boron < 0.50 ext{ mg/L}$), and municipal water compliance profits.

1. Project & Operating Inputs

First-Pass SWRO Permeate (GPD e.g. 2,000,000 GPD Desalinated Stream)

First-Pass Permeate Boron (mg / L B e.g. 1.80 mg/L Boron in Permeate)

Customer Bid Price for Supplied Second-Pass Array ($)

Second-Pass Brackish RO Elements, NaOH pH Dosing Skid, FRP Vessels ($)

2. Financial Breakdown & Yield

BORON <0.5 MG/L WHO LIMIT

Turnkey Two-Pass Boron Polishing Skid Profit

Municipal Drinking Water Polishing Margin

0.0%

Gross Revenue / Bill

Total Project CapEx

Operating / Direct Cost