500kV Solid-State Hybrid HVDC Circuit Breaker Model

Underwrite 500kV hybrid DC circuit breakers combining ultra-fast mechanical actuators with solid-state IGCT semiconductor stacks (clearing 16 kA short-circuit DC faults in 2 milliseconds to prevent collapse of meshed offshore DC supergrids). Model offshore HVDC grid protection sales ($18.5M/breaker), and 15-yr IRR.