50-State Private Security Licensing & Robot Patrol Regulations
State-by-state Department of Public Safety / Licensing Bureau private patrol operator requirements, guard card mandates, and commercial regulations for autonomous ground security robots (AGVs).
| State | Private Security Regulatory Agency | Primary Contractor License | Autonomous Patrol AGV Classification | Mandatory Guard Training Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | AL Security Regulatory Board (ASRB) | Contract Security Company License | Commercial Surveillance Device (Permitted) | 14 Hours Certified Training |
| Alaska | Department of Public Safety (DPS) | Security Guard Agency License | Private Property Robotic Device | 8 Hours Pre-Assignment Training |
| Arizona | AZ Department of Public Safety (AZDPS) | Security Guard Agency License | Autonomous Surveillance System (ARS § 32-2601) | 8 Hours Initial Guard Training |
| Arkansas | Arkansas State Police (Regulatory Div) | Private Security Company License | Private Property Surveillance Equipment | 16 Hours Phase I / II Training |
| California | BSIS (Bureau of Security & Investigative) | Private Patrol Operator (PPO) License | Mobile Surveillance Device (No Guard Card for AGV) | 40 Hours Guard Card Training |
| Colorado | Local City Municipal Licensing (Denver/Aurora) | Merchant Police / Security Guard License | Commercial Electronic Guard Device | 16 Hours Local City Mandate |
| Connecticut | DESPP Special Licensing & Firearms | Security Service License | Electronic Monitoring Device (Permitted) | 8 Hours Guard Card Course |
| Delaware | Delaware State Police Professional Licensing | Private Security Agency License | Unmanned Mobile Security Asset | 16 Hours Security Guard Class |
| Florida | FDACS Division of Licensing (Ch. 493) | Class B Security Agency License | Automated Private Surveillance System | 40 Hours Class D Security Course |
| Georgia | Georgia Board of Private Detectives & Security | Private Security Company License | Electronic Monitoring Equipment | 24 Hours Basic Classroom Training |
| Hawaii | DCCA Professional & Vocational Licensing | Guard Agency License | Commercial Automated Sensor Device | 8 Hours Pre-Licensing Guard Class |
| Idaho | Local City / County Sheriffs (No Statewide) | Local Business Security Permit | Private Property Surveillance Rover | Local City Training Standards |
| Illinois | IDFPR Division of Professional Regulation | Private Security Contractor Agency (PSC) | Autonomous Monitoring Platform (225 ILCS 447) | 20 Hours Basic PERC Training |
| Indiana | Private Investigator & Security Guard Board | Security Guard Agency License | Electronic Sensor Mobile Platform | Employer Certified Training |
| Iowa | Iowa Department of Public Safety (DPS) | Commercial Security Agency License | Private Property Robotic Device | Background Clearance / Employer Training |
| Kansas | Local Municipal Licensing (No Statewide Board) | Local Merchant Police Permit | Commercial Automated Patrol Asset | Local City Ordinance Standards |
| Kentucky | Local City / County Police (No Statewide Board) | City Security Agency Business License | Private Property Surveillance Robot | Local Municipal Requirements |
| Louisiana | Louisiana State Board of Private Security | Company License (LSBPSE) | Commercial Electronic Patrol Device | 16 Hours Classroom Training |
| Maine | Maine State Police (Special Investigations) | Contract Security Agency License | Private Property Surveillance System | Employer Certified Standards |
| Maryland | Maryland State Police Licensing Division | Security Guard Agency License | Electronic Security Surveillance Device | 8 Hours Pre-Assignment Training |
| Massachusetts | Massachusetts State Police (Certification Unit) | Watch, Guard or Patrol Agency License | Commercial Autonomous Guard Rover | State Police Vetting & Training |
| Michigan | LARA / Michigan Department of State Police | Security Alarm & Patrol Agency License | Mobile Electronic Watch Asset | Employer Certified Program |
| Minnesota | Private Detective & Protective Agent Board | Protective Agent Company License | Automated Property Surveillance Unit | 12 Hours Pre-Assignment Training |
| Mississippi | Local City / County Sheriffs (No Statewide Board) | Local Security Agency Permit | Private Surveillance Robot Rover | Local Law Enforcement Clearance |
| Missouri | Local Police Boards (St. Louis / Kansas City) | Private Security Guard License | Commercial Robotic Monitoring Asset | 16 Hours Local Board Training |
| Montana | Montana Board of Private Security (BPS) | Private Security Company License | Electronic Surveillance Device | 16 Hours Basic Guard Training |
| Nebraska | Nebraska Secretary of State (Licensing Div) | Private Detective / Patrol License | Private Property Security System | State Fingerprint Vetting |
| Nevada | Nevada Private Investigators Licensing Board | Private Patrol Officer License (PILB) | Autonomous Surveillance Robot (NRS 648) | PILB Work Card Exam / 8 Hours |
| New Hampshire | NH Department of Safety (State Police) | Security Guard Business License | Commercial Unmanned Surveillance Device | State Police Background Check |
| New Jersey | New Jersey State Police (SORA Unit) | Security Officer Company License | Security Officer Registration Act (SORA) Exempt AGV | 24 Hours SORA Initial Course |
| New Mexico | NM RLD Private Investigations Advisory Board | Private Patrol Company License | Electronic Commercial Watch Device | 8 Hours Level 1 Guard Training |
| New York | NYS Department of State (Division of Licensing) | Watch, Guard or Patrol Agency License | Commercial Security Surveillance Equipment | 8-Hour Pre-Assignment + 16-Hour OJT |
| North Carolina | NC Private Protective Services Board (PPSB) | Security Guard & Patrol Business License | Automated Patrol Device (NCGS Ch. 74C) | 16 Hours Basic Guard Course |
| North Dakota | ND Private Investigation & Security Board | Private Security Agency License (PISB) | Unmanned Security Rover | 12 Hours Classroom Course |
| Ohio | Ohio Department of Public Safety (PISGS) | Class A / B Security Company License | Commercial Electronic Patrol System | 20 Hours Basic OPOTA Training |
| Oklahoma | CLEET (Council on Law Enforcement Education) | Security Guard Agency License | Private Property Monitoring Device | 20 Hours Phase I / II CLEET |
| Oregon | DPSST (Dept of Public Safety Standards) | Executive Security Provider License | Autonomous Surveillance Platform | 14 Hours Pre-Delivery Training |
| Pennsylvania | County Court of Common Pleas (Private Detective Act) | Private Detective / Security License | Private Property Surveillance Robot | County Court Approval / Act 235 |
| Rhode Island | Rhode Island Department of Attorney General | Private Security Business License | Commercial Electronic Guard Asset | Employer Certified Standards |
| South Carolina | SLED (State Law Enforcement Division) | Security Business License (SLED) | Electronic Surveillance Device | 8 Hours SLED Primary Course |
| South Dakota | Local Municipalities (No Statewide Board) | Local Merchant Police License | Private Property Surveillance AGV | Local Police Clearance |
| Tennessee | Tennessee Commerce & Insurance (Private Security) | Contract Security Company License | Electronic Guarding System (TCA 62-35) | 4 Hours Basic Guard Training |
| Texas | Texas Department of Public Safety (PSB) | Class B Security Contractor License (PSB) | Automated Surveillance System (Occ Code 1702) | 8 Hours Level II Non-Commissioned |
| Utah | DOPL (Division of Professional Licensing) | Contract Security Company License | Autonomous Private Watch Device | 24 Hours Basic Training Course |
| Vermont | Vermont Board of Private Investigative & Security | Security Agency License | Private Property Robotic Device | 40 Hours Certified Experience |
| Virginia | DCJS (Department of Criminal Justice Services) | Security Business License (DCJS) | Electronic Security Surveillance Platform | 18 Hours DCJS 01E Entry Course |
| Washington | Washington State Department of Licensing | Private Security Guard Company License | Commercial Patrol AGV (RCW 18.170) | 8 Hours Pre-Assignment Training |
| West Virginia | West Virginia Secretary of State (Licensing Div) | Security Guard Firm License | Private Property Surveillance Rover | State Police Background Check |
| Wisconsin | DSPS (Department of Safety & Professional Services) | Private Security Agency License | Automated Watchman Device | Employer Certified Training |
| Wyoming | Local City Municipal Licensing (No Statewide Board) | City Security Agency License | Private Surveillance Robot Rover | Local Municipal Standards |